He review article shows various approaches to predicting the possible development of bronchial asthma in children of early and preschool age. It is emphasized that there are still no valid diagnostic criteria for establishing the diagnosis of bronchial asthma in young children, despite the fact that it is in this age range that the disease debuts in 70-80 % of cases. Particular attention is paid to the presence of bronchial obstruction syndrome as predictors of the development of the disease. Phenotyping of recurrent bronchial obstruction syndrome in children with subsequent development of bronchial asthma only on the basis of the clinical picture is difficult. According to cohort studies in 2000, the asthma predisposition index (API) was proposed, which was modified in 2017. To improve the effectiveness of the prognosis, it is proposed to consider as prognostic criteria for the risk of developing bronchial asthma according to various studies: the genomic profile of the child, smoking of parents, rhinovirus or rhinosyncytial viral infections suffered in early childhood, the frequency and severity of episodes of bronchial obstruction syndrome, eosinophilic activity (eosinophilic cationic protein), general and specific Ig E, determination of bronchial hyperreactivity and biomarkers in exhaled air condensate in children in early childhood.

The clinical significance of one of the little-studied cytokines - growth differentiation factor -15 (GDF-15) in the process of regulation of cellular and molecular processes during pregnancy was studied. Current studies of the mechanisms of activation of cellular pathways GDF-15 allow us to consider this protein as one of the important regulators of metabolic processes and immunological tolerance. The mixed results of GDF-15 studies with various pathologies indicate its complex regulation and multifunctionality. High levels of circulation of this cytokine in serum and placenta indicate the importance of this protein in the realization of the immune response in pregnancy, which has yet to be explained.

S. pneumoniae are commensal microorganisms colonizing mucous membranes of upper respiratory tract. Strains of S. pneumoniae could have different virulent potential have proven by researchers. Results of microbiological monitoring of S. pneumoniae strains circulating in nasopharynx of children-carriers are given in this manuscript. Data on determination of serotype and prevalence of antibioticoresistant vaccine/non-vaccine isolates are shown. Established, that nowadays in Republic of Tatarstan drugresistant vaccine isolates are dominating in nasopharyngeal pneumococci population. Some non-vaccine serotypes characterized by high resistance on antimicrobial drugs. Circulating in nasopharynx strains seromonitoring could show serotype composition replacement and assess the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccine usage in region.

Since March 11, 2020, a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has been observed in the world. Changes in laboratory indicators (lymphocytopenia and thrombocytopenia) in patients with this disease are prognostic and are studied quite actively. Anemia is an independent risk factor associated with the severe course of COVID-19, and therefore it is necessary to be attentive to the level of hemoglobin in such patients at admission to the hospital and during therapy. The aim of the study is to study the effect of anemic syndrome on the course of a new coronavirus infection and the possibility of its correction based on the materials of the clinics of Samara State Medical University. Materials and methods. 270 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection were observed in the clinics of FSBOU VO SamGMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Results of the study. Anemic syndrome was detected in 25.2% of those examined. It has been shown that in the presence of anemic syndrome, the length of hospitalization increases, which reflects the unfavorable significance of this complication. These patients are characterized by moderate iron deficiency in combination with high levels of ferritin, which is inherent in anemia associated with the presence of a severe major, in this case inflammatory, disease. Conclusion. Application of succinylate protein in combination with calcium folinatompentahydrate in complex treatment of iron allows improving hematopoiesis indices and reducing risk of adverse outcome of disease.

The antimycotic activity of new derivatives of 1,3-diazinone-4 and their acyclic precursors under the laboratory ciphers ПЯТ1, ПЯТ2, ПЯТ3, ПЯТ4, ПЯТ5, ПЯТ6, ПЯТ7, ПЯТ8, ПЯТ9, ПЯТ10, ПЯТ11, ПЯТ12, ПЯТ13, ПЯТ14, ПЯТ15 obtained by computer prediction at the department of organic chemistry of the Pyatigorsk medical and pharmaceutical Institute-branch of the Volgograd State Medical University. It was found that the studied compounds have antimycotic properties, which is confirmed by the revealed bactericidal (absence of colonies after exposure of micromycete spores with the compound) and bacteriostatic effect (reduction in the number of grown colonies in comparison with the control), as well as changes in cultural and morphological characteristics. The degree of their activity is associated with the specific chemical structure of the substance and the concentration used. The results obtained update the further study of this series of compounds in the direction of developing new agents with high activity against mold fungi.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the degree of influence of the gel containing the flavonoid complex on the change in vascular permeability in rats with experimental chronic venous insufficiency. Materials and methods. The study was performed on 66 Wistar female rats weighing 200-220 grams. The animals were obtained from the nursery of laboratory animals “Rappolovo” (Leningrad region). Determining the magnitude of vascular permeability was evaluated in the Miles test. The content of tight junction proteins in the vascular wall was also evaluated. Research results. In rats treated with the analyzed dosage form, vascular permeability was lower than that in the negative control group of rats by 33,4 % (p < 0,05) and by 20,8 % (p < 0,05) compared with animals treated with comparator drug. It was found that the analyzed dosage form, to a comparable extent with the reference drug, eliminates congestion in the venous system, as evidenced by the restoration of blood flow in rats. In addition, the use of the studied gel contributed to a decrease in vascular permeability and an increase in the content of tight junction proteins, occludin and claudin, in the vascular wall, statistically significantly surpassing the reference preparations in efficiency.

The aim of the study. To analyze the frequency and timing of the development of hypocoagulation and thromboembolic complications, depending on the adherence of patients to treatment after mitral valve replacement with mechanical prostheses after 6, 12 and 60 months. Materials and methods. We examined 260 patients operated on for mitral valve replacement with mechanical bivalve prostheses. To assess compliance, the Morisky-Green test (4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale - MMAS-4) was used. Research results. In patients after mitral valve replacement with mechanical prostheses, the incidence of thromboembolic and hypocoagulation complications was higher in non-compliant patients at all stages of the study. Statistically significant differences in the incidence of thromboembolic complications were revealed at the 6-month follow-up stage, in the incidence of hypocoagulation complications at the 60-month follow-up stage. At the same time, the chances of developing thromboembolic complications at the stage of 6 months of follow-up in compliant patients were 3.4 times lower compared to non-compliant patients. And the chances of developing hypocoagulable complications at the stage of 60 months of observation decreased by 1.2 times in compliant patients. Conclusion. Thus, one of the ways to reduce the risk of thromboembolic and hypocoagulant complications in patients after MV prosthetics with mechanical prostheses is to increase patient compliance.

The aim of the study: was to study the in vitro antimicrobial activity of new quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives against Eshericia coli and Klebsiella pnevmoniae, as well as to assess the prospects for their use in accordance with the chemical structure of the molecules, which determines the degree of adsorption by their cell and determines the degree of penetration through membrane. Materials and methods. New derivatives of quinazolin-4(3H)-one were chosen as objects of study. The analysis of substances was carried out in vitro using cultures of Eshericia coli and Klebsiella pnevmoniae, provided by the clinical diagnostic laboratory of the City Clinical Hospital № 3. S.M. Kirov, Astrakhan, by the method of serial dilutions on the medium of meat-peptone broth. Research results. According to the results obtained in the course of the study, it was found that new derivatives of quinazolin-4(3Н)-one (VMA-13-05 and VMA-10-10) containing a substituted amide group associated with the benzene ring as a substituent of the third position quinazolinone core, exhibit a bacteriostatic effect against Eshericia coli and Klebsiella pnevmoniae. The bacteriostatic activity of the studied compounds of quinazolin-4(3H)-one is due to their polarity due to the presence in the molecule of a substituted amide group associated with the quinazolinone base. Conclusion. Thus, among the synthesized derivatives of quinazolin-4(3H)-one, the leading substances exhibiting antimicrobial activity against Eshericia coli and Klebsiella pnevmoniae were found. The substantiation of the bactericidal and bacteriostatic action of the compounds is given in terms of the degree of their hydrophobic properties and the enrichment of the structure with centers capable of donor-acceptor interaction and participation in the formation of hydrogen bonds.

Chronic myeloid leukemia is the first disease in hematology and oncology with a proven genetic mutation at the stem cell level, consisting in the recycle translocation of t (9; 22) (q34; q11) to form a hybrid BCR-ABL gene (Ph + chromosomes). The oncogenic transformation is responsible for the produced protein BCR-ABL - a highly active tyrosine kinase responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease. Prior to the era of targeted drugs, chronic myeloid leukemia was one of the most severe hematological malignancies with a pessimistic prognosis, today the main task of targeted therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia is to successfully cure the patient.

The article presents a rare case of surgical treatment of an endometrioid ovarian cyst, first detected during pregnancy. The tactics of pregnancy management in the presence of a large endometrioid ovarian cyst is presented. A positive outcome of pregnancy and the possibility of vaginal delivery after surgical treatment during pregnancy were shown. Particular attention is paid to methods of preventing pregnancy complications in the case of surgical intervention.

Connective tissue dysplasia manifests itself in various clinical forms, among them an important place occupy changes in the musculoskeletal system, usually accompanied by joint hypermobility syndrome (HMS).At present, there are no studies on monitoring the dynamics and positive results of rehabilitation measures in the joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS). The aim of the study: to determine the degree of success of rehabilitation measures and its stability for three years in patients with JHS by analyzing the kinematic parameters of movements in the joints of the lower extremities when walking from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine. Materials and methods. The study was performed using the Vicon three-dimensional video motion analysis system. A three-year monitoring survey of the dynamics of articular movements was carried out before and after the course of rehabilitation measures when a patient with JHS was walking. Research results: exact quantitative parameters of the dynamics of joint movements were obtained in various rehabilitation periods. Conclusion. conclusions were drawn about the success of the rehabilitation process, based on evidence. The high efficiency of using the system of three-dimensional video analysis of human movements Vicon from the position of evidence-based medicine was confirmed. Keywords: joint hypermobility syndrome, walking, kinematic parameters, lower limbs, knee joint, rehabilitation, three-dimensional video analysis, Vicon.