Modern medical technologies that address pressing social and demographic problems in the field of reproduction are successfully introduced by researchers, whose focus is on improving technology and women's health. At the same time, the results of studying the health status of children conceived using assisted reproductive technologies are few and contradictory. An analysis of data of domestic and foreign publications for the period from 1993 to 2020 on short-term and long-term observations of the state of health of children conceived by in vitro fertilization is presented. There was a slight lag in psychomotor development in the first year of life in such children and an increase in the number of congenital defects. Catamnestic information on the rates of growth, development and functioning of individual systems is insufficient.

Strictly lytic or virulent bacteriophages against Staphylococcus aureus belong to order Caudovirales and comprise predominantly two genera: Kayvirus and Rosenblumvirus. Representatives of both taxonomic groups are well known as safe and viable antibacterial agents. Phages of the genus Kayvirus show usually a broad host range activity against clinical isolates of S. aureus. Nevertheless continuous isolation of new phages against these bacteria is required in order to provide sufficient activity for therapy of biofilms or to prevent phage inactivation by neutralizing antibodies. In the present study, we describe an approach for isolation of lytic bacteriophages of the genus Kayvirus by mitomycin C induction of clinical isolates of S. aureus. Our findings suggest the clinical isolates of S. aureus a reach source for lytic bacteriophages. However taking into account the inducibility of the Kayvirus representatives it have to be evaluated a presence of further unknown life cycles for these bacteriophages such as pseudolysogeny.

Vitamin D status was studied in a cohort of patients with chronic lung diseases, serum calcidiol indicators were specified in a control group consisting of conditionally healthy children of the Astrakhan region. The regularity of serum calcidiol values is revealed due to the aetiology of chronic lung diseases, the serum vitamin D levels in the children of the control group are determined. The axis of vitamin D levels according to age aspect and gender factor in patients with chronic lung diseases and the control group was analyzed.

Features of pregnancy and childbirth in 9 women with a new coronavirus infection, as well as the period of early postnatal adaptation in their newborns, were studied. There are no confirmed cases of vertical transmission of infection. Only 1 newborn was positive for SARS-CoV-2, and infection occurred postnatally during contact with the sick mother. Delivery in 5 women was carried out by caesarean section according to emergency indications from the fetus, in other cases - through natural birth routes. All children had a good Apgar score, no signs of asphyxia in childbirth were noted. The period of early adaptation in newborns was without complications. No signs of infection, increased temperature, respiratory disorders were detected.

The influence of virulent bacteriophages in the antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The results indicate that before and after the joint cultivation of the strains of S. aureus with a specific bacteriophage, the interpretation of the diameters of zones of growth inhibition of microorganisms under the influence of ABP (antibacterial drugs) was within its category: “sensitive”, “moderately resistant” and “stable”. Minor fluctuations in the measurement parameters of zones of inhibition of bacterial growth after cultivation with bacteriophage were recorded. According to the calculation of Wilcoxon's sign rank criteria for related samples, the data presented did not have statistical significance. Thus, the results of experimental studies indicate the absence of the effect of virulent bacteriophages on the sensitivity of S. aureus microorganisms to antibacterial preparation. This makes it possible to recommend the treatment of bacterial infections with virulent bacteriophages in conjunction with antibiotics.

Features of the qualitative and quantitative composition of upper respiratory tract microflora in HIV-infected compared to HIV-negative volunteers were revealed. Microbiological examination of posterior pharyngeal wall microflora in 100 patients with HIV infection and 50 healthy volunteers was carried out. In the group of patients with HIV infection, the level of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD19 + lymphocytes was determined. Microorganisms were identified using mass spectrometry MALDI-ToF. It was found that in patients with HIV infection there is a high frequency of colonization by enterobacteria - 25 strains, 16 strains of pneumococcus were detected. Representatives of resident gram-positive flora prevailed in 50 healthy people examined, 2 strains of pneumococcus, 4 microorganisms of the order Enterobacterales were isolated. It was found that the wearing of pneumococcus (p = 0,0337), as well as the colonization of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract by enterobacteria (p = 0,0152) is statistically significantly higher in patients with HIV infection. Lowering CD19 + lymphocytes below 100 cells/μl of blood increases the risk of pneumococcus in HIV-infected patients (p = 0,037).

The research aimed to analyze Klotho protein level in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute myocardial infarction with various phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patients included in the study were divided into groups: the main group - patients with acute myocardial infarction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 60) and the comparison group - patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 54). Somatically healthy individuals (n = 30) were examined as a control group. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that in patients with acute myocardial infarction and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Klotho protein level was statistically lower compared to the group of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in somatically healthy individuals. It was also found that in patients with emphysematous, chronic bronchitis and mixed phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Klotho protein level has statistically significant differences. The lowest level of studied protein was in patients with chronic bronchitis phenotype. Klotho protein level in the group of patients with acute myocardial infarction with emphysematous, chronic bronchitis and mixed phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was statistically lower than in the group of patients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with corresponding phenotypes. It was also revealed the presence of correlations of Klotho protein level and phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in all the examined patients, with a greater strength of correlations in patients with comorbid pathology.

The state of antibiotic resistance at the phenotypic level has been studied, molecular genetic mechanisms leading to resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli strains have been considered. The practical part of the study involved the accumulation of a culture museum consisting of 87 strains of Escherichia coli. These strains were isolated from biopsies of the large intestine mucosa of 46 patients with ulcerative colitis who were under treatment or outpatient examination in 2016-2020 at the clinics of Samara State Medical University. According to conventional techniques, the activity of the spectrum of antibacterial drugs presented in the National Clinical Guidelines was evaluated. Using polymerase chain reaction methods, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes were indicated, phylogenetic groups were separated, author's software and patent solutions were described.

100 children aged 2 to 9 years with a diagnosis of oxalate nephropathy (the main group of patients) were examined. The control group consisted of 100 children of the same age with normal urinary excretion of oxalates. All children included in the study were analyzed for phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia to determine the nature and frequency of its manifestations in the compared groups of children. The study revealed that external signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia are significantly more common in children with hyperoxaluria (p = 0,002). Direct correlations were established between the severity score of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia and the level of oxaluria (rxy = 0,545; p < 0,001). Based on this the identification of phenotypic signs of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in children should contribute to the early diagnosis of disorders of oxalate metabolism and thereby prevent the progression of metabolic disorders.

A total of 325 patients with myocardial infarction were examined, of which 130 people were diagnosed with myocardial infarction as a mononosology, and 195 people developed myocardial infarction against the background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Each group was divided into subgroups depending on the time elapsed from the onset of the disease to hospitalization - up to 6 hours, 6-24 hours, and more than 24 hours. The comparison groups included 110 somatically healthy individuals and 104 patients with non-acute COPD. The leukocyte intoxication index was defined as the ratio of the number of cellular elements of white blood, which traditionally increases during purulent-inflammatory processes (neutrophilic leukocytes), to the number of cells that decrease at the same time (eosinophilic and basophilic myelocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes). As a result of the study, it was found that the maximum values of the leukocyte intoxication index were registered in patients with myocardial infarction. The increase in the leukocyte index of intoxication occurred no earlier than 6 hours after the development of the disease and remained in the future. In patients with myocardial infarction against the background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the leukocyte intoxication index did not have statistically significant differences from the group of somatically healthy individuals and a group of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and did not depend on the time of hospitalization of patients.

The relationship between early relapse of pulmonary tuberculosis and MMP-1 gene polymorphism (1G / 1G, 1G / 2G or 2G / 2G) was studied in 72 patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (DS-TB) and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (DR-TB). It was found that the absolute risk of disease recurrence in DR-TB is 20 % higher, and in DS-TB, it is 30 % higher if this patient has a 2G / 2G MMP-1 gene deletion rather than 1G / 1G or 1G / 2G. The fact to find the risk factor (2G / 2G MMP-1 deletion) for DR-TB is 1,143, for DS-TB - 0.185, odds ratio (OR) = 6,171, confidence interval (CI) 1,533 - 24,844. This confirms the role of this deletion in the development of early recurrence of tuberculosis in DR-TB and DS-TB and proves that the recurrence rate is higher in the group of DR-TB patients with homozygous 2G / 2G polymorphism of the MMP-1 gene.

Among the allergens involved in the development of allergic rhinitis, glycoproteins are found that are contained not only in the particles of inhaled air, but also in the vital products of the nasal microbiota, which colonizes the nasal mucosa in patients with allergic rhinitis. Among proteolytic enzymes, secreted bacterial serine Spl proteinase of Staphylococcus aureus are of significant interest. The study aimed to study the potentiation of the Th2 profile of the immune response to Spl serine proteinase of Staphylococcus aureus, as an important representative of the microbiota of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in patients with allergic rhinitis. Results and discussion. The spl operon genes are transcribed at a 5,5 kb genome site. It has been established that in patients with allergic rhinitis, Staphylococcus aureus isolates containing from 2 to 4 spl-operon genes, as well as isolates containing one spl-operon (splA) gene, dominate. It was shown that the resulting recombinant Staphylococcus aureus SplA proteinase can induce high levels of Th2-type cytokines in patients with allergic rhinitis. Staphylococcus aureus secretoma Spl-proteinases, identified by mass spectrometry, can bind to serum reactins (IgE antibodies) in patients with allergic rhinitis.

The research is devoted to the study of the effect of the quinazoline derivative with the alpha-naphthyl radical 3- [2- (1-Naphthyl) -2-oxoethyl] quinazoline-4 (3Н) -one (laboratory code VMA-13-04) on the level of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) under experimental generalized conditions. It has been found that the compound VMA-13-04 is able to influence the course of the inflammatory process by inhibiting the hyperproduction of proinflammatory and inducing the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines under the conditions of the infectious process. The most pronounced changes in cytokine levels are observed when 3- [2- (1-Naphthyl) -2-oxoethyl] quinazoline-4 (3Н) -one is administered at doses of 34 and 68 mg/kg.

A survey was conducted of 172 people who applied for medical care at the regional clinical infectious diseases hospital, including 71 with a subsequently diagnosed Astrakhan rickettsial fever (main group) and 101 with other diseases accompanied by fever (comparison group). The survey included 38 items, which made it possible to draw up a medical and social portrait of the average patient with Astrakhan rickettsial fever considering social, epidemiological and demographic characteristics.

Results of successful surgical treatment of patients with rare localization of destructive apptraditiitis in postoperative hernia are presented and described. The patient is К., 76 years old, operated on a day from the onset of the disease, while acute apptraditiitis was an accidental find. Appendectomy and ileostomy were performed due to the available indications. After 14 days, the patient was discharged for outpatient treatment in a satisfactory condition. Patient M., 64 years old, was hospitalized in the department of surgery to provide medical care three days from the onset of the disease. A history of surgery has been noted for adhesive intestinal obstruction. During the operation, a destructively modified worm-like process was detected, which was removed. The patient was discharged in a satisfactory condition on the 27th day from the moment of hospitalization.