Whooping cough remains a relevant infection, despite the high vaccination coverage of the child population. In recent years, there has been an upward trend while maintaining a three-year cycle. Registration of whooping cough cases is complicated by the difference in approaches to its laboratory diagnosis. The authors carried out a retrospective analysis of the results of laboratory examinations to confirm the diagnosis of whooping cough in 438 persons (n = 438) in medical institutions of the Samara region in inpatients and outpatients with a characteristic clinical picture. A comparative analysis of the single and combined application of the methods of enzyme immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction, as well as the preanalytical stage of laboratory diagnostics, was carried out. The proportion of confirmed etiology of Bordetella spp. is the greatest in the group with the combined examination. A single serum study is sufficient to confirm at the study by ELISA in the overwhelming majority of cases. It is possible to increase the previously recommended time for taking material for laboratory diagnosis of whooping cough infection by the polymerase chain reaction method.

The results of research suggest some positive trend in the dynamics of indicators for the period under study, but with all indicators exceeding those in Russia by 2 or more times. The tense situation with regard to tuberculosis remains in the region due to an increase in the incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis caused by a multidrug-resistant pathogen, a decrease in the coverage of the population with medical examinations, and post-mortem detection of the disease, which requires optimization of the system of preventive and anti-epidemic measures

The study aims to investigate changes in phase contents of bone mineral of the hipbone in juvenile streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after surgical perforation of the tibia. Material and methods. Diabetes (35 animals with a weight of 135-150 g at the age of 3 months) was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in a dosage of 55 mg per kg of body weight. Surgical perforation of the tibia was modelled as 2 mm through the opening in the proximal metadiaphysis (35 animals). Another group comprised 35 animals with both perforation and diabetes. 35 intact animals comprised the control group. Using the method of internal control, the content in bone mineral of the hipbone whitlockite, calcite and hydroxylapatite was determined. Results. Surgical perforation of the tibia results in instability of phase contents of bone mineral of the hipbone; manifestations peak here was registered on the 30th day of observation. In diabetic animals destabilization of the phase composition of bone, minerals progressed during the experiment. By the 90th day shares of whitlockite and calcite exceeded those of the controls by 13,33 % and 6,77 % while the share of hydroxylapatite decreased by 4,75 %. Surgical perforation of the tibia in diabetic animals resulted in the more marked increase of bone mineral of the hipbone amorphousness from the 60th day of observation; by the 90th-day shares of whitlockite this in rats with perforation by 6,03 % while hydroxylapatite share decreased by 2,18 %. Conclusion. Surgical perforation of the tibia in diabetic juvenile rats increases the amorphousness of bone mineral of the hipbone, which grows beginning from the 60th day after the operation.

Purpose of the study: to study the medical and social factors of mortality from HIV infection in tuberculosis patients in the Astrakhan region. Materials and methods. The medical records of 79 tuberculosis patients who died of HIV infection in the Regional Clinical TB Dispensary JSC for the period from 2015 to 2019 were studied. in comparison with the clinical picture and social status. Research results. The mortality rate of HIV-infected people in combination with tuberculosis in the Astrakhan region in dynamics increased in 2015 - 0,9; 2018 - 1,6; 2019 - 1,9 per 100 000 populations. The largest number of patients die at a young working age, social characteristics are represented by non-working 45,4 % and disabled 36,3 %, socially maladjusted persons. Most of the patients sought medical help after a month or more after the deterioration of health in a moderate state, with severe symptoms of intoxication. Conclusion. The main causes of mortality from HIV infection are low adherence of patients to treatment, untimely fluorographic examination, late seeking medical help, identification of common destructive processes with the release of drug-resistant mycobacteria, the presence of concomitant diseases, indiscipline of patients, asocial image life.

The practice use of probiotic strains involves their antagonistic activity against various pathogens, including yeast-like fungi. The method of coincubation of lactobacilli and fungi of the species Candida albicans on the nutrient agar was proposed for screening assessment of this activity. The manufactured strain of lactobacilli was inoculated into the nutrient medium, the fungus strains were inoculated on its surface with following incubation in aerobic atmosphere and calculation of isolated colonies of 48 hour C.albicans cultures. As a result of the testing of the probiotic manufactured strain antagonistic activity by the mentioned method a verified reduction in the number of colonies in comparison with the control values was determined for all tested strains of C. albicans.

Antimicrobial activity of water and alcohol extracts from leaves and fruits of Symphoricarpos albus (white snowberry) with some representatives of gram-positive and gram-negative opportunistic flora. It was found that alcohol extracts from the leaves of Symphoricarpos albus have greater antimicrobial activity: they exhibit both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. Most effectively inhibits the growth of microorganisms extraction obtained using 95 % ethyl alcohol. Thus, the studied phytomaterials are promising for further development to create effective medicines based on them that have antimicrobial activity.