Regional features of the circulation of micro-organisms of representatives of the order Enterobacterales in neonatology hospitals

Antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious threats to global health in the modern world. In the context of all these events, the growing number of infectious diseases caused by polyresistant strains of microorganisms in neonatology departments is of particular concern. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae belong to the “ESKAPE” group of pathogens. This group is included in the priority list in the fight against their growing resistance, since “ESKAPE” pathogens are most often found as the causative agent of healthcare-associated infections and in neonatal intensive care units. Goal. Assessment of antibiotic resistance of E. coli and K. pneumoniae microorganisms in neonatal intensive care units in Volgograd. Materials and methods. The work was carried out in the clinic of “Family Medicine” in Volgograd. The material for the study was smears from the pharynx, feces, blood, urine of newborns from 4 days to 4 months. Identification of microorganisms and determination of the sensitivity of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs were performed using a bacteriological automatic analyzer. Results. As a result of the study, it was found that K. pneumoniae exhibits absolute resistance (100 %) to most common classes of antibiotics, including beta-lactams (for example, cephalosporins of the first generation, cefepime, ceftriaxone), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) and even some carbapenems (ertapenem). E. coli showed complete resistance (100 %) to a number of important groups of antibiotics, including second-generation cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefuroxime), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) and carbapenems (ertapenem). Conclusion. The vast majority of K. pneumoniae strains are absolutely resistant to a number of broad-spectrum antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinones. Moreover, despite the relatively lower excretion of E. coli, this microorganism is also characterized by a high level of resistance to key antibiotics.

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