The state of health of intellectually gifted children of primary school age

The admission of a child to school is accompanied by a change in his lifestyle and an increase in workload. During this period, it is especially important to assess and strengthen the health of the student in a timely manner. In modem literature, the issues of morbidity, resistance, adaptation processes depending on the physical fitness of children are widely covered, while the problems associated with different levels of cognitive capabilities remain in the shadows. The aim of the study was to study the frequency of registration of health groups, morbidity, success and difficulties of younger schoolchildren depending on intellectual giftedness. The study included 573 children of grades 14 in Rostov-on-Don. After determining the IQ coefficients (D. Wexler test, Stanford-Binet intelligence scale, E. Torrens creativity test), the children were divided into 2 groups. The main group included 82 primary school students with high cognitive development. The control group included 491 children with average cognitive development. To determine the groups of health and morbidity, an analysis of individual medical records (form № 026/y) was carried out R. Goodman's standardized questionnaire «Strengths and Difficulties» was used to assess the behavior of children and their psychological problems. It was found that children of the main group already from the 2^nd grade are 2 times less likely to have the 1^st health group and 1.2 times more likely to have the 2^nd health group from the 3^rd grade. With reduced physical activity, diseases of the respiratory system, digestion, musculoskeletal system, decreased visual acuity were more often observed, and from the 4^th grade – diseases of the nervous system, mental disorders. In the main group of children, there is a high frequency of issues and difficulties in the areas of peer relations, behavior, emotions, activity, which causes a higher overall assessment of problems (1.6-2 times). The results obtained require the development and implementation of recreational activities for intellectually gifted children.

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