astmedАстраханский медицинский журналAstrakhan medical journal1992-6499ФГБОУ ВО Астраханский ГМУ Минздрава России10.17021/2020.15.3.16.23astmed-83Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSОПИОИДНЫЕ РЕЦЕПТОРЫ: ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫOPIOID RECEPTORS: OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTSДмитриевскаяМ. И.DmitrievskayaM. I.m.dmitrievskaya@mail.ruСередаЕ. В.SeredaE. V.liza.sereda.98@mail.ruМедицинская академия имени С.И. Георгиевского ФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского»РоссияMedical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal UniversityRussian Federation2020270220231531623Copyright © Дмитриевская М.И., Середа Е.В., 20232023Дмитриевская М.И., Середа Е.В.Dmitrievskaya M.I., Sereda E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.astmedj.ru/jour/article/view/83

Опиоидные рецепторы относятся к семейству G-белковых сопряженных рецепторов, которые сегодня являются наиболее распространенным классом рецепторов клеточной мембраны, а также мишенями для около одной трети применяемых лекарственных средств. Опиоидные рецепторы широко изучаются в связи с их локализацией в различных частях тела (в головном и спинном мозге, пищеварительном тракте и др.), решающей ролью в управлении болью, злоупотреблением наркотиками. В дополнение к их все еще непобедимым анальгетическим эффектам применение опиоидных препаратов сопровождается различными побочными эффектами, включая рвоту, тошноту, запор, развитие толерантности и зависимости. Таким образом, на протяжении многих лет были предприняты весомые усилия по открытию новых лекарственных средств, направленных на снижение недостатков опиоидных препаратов при сохранении их терапевтической эффективности. Несмотря на большой и многолетний объем работы, безопасные и эффективные опиоидные средства остаются загадкой фармацевтической промышленности.

Opioid receptors belong to the family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are by far the most common class of cell membrane receptors, and are also targets of about one-third of the drugs used. Opioid receptors are widely studied due to their localization in various parts of the body (for example, in the brain, spinal cord, digestive tract, etc.), their crucial role in pain management, drug abuse. In addition to their still-invincible analgesic effects, opioid medications are accompanied by various side effects, including vomiting, nausea, constipation, the development of tolerance and addiction. Thus, over the years, significant efforts have been made to discover new drugs, aimed at reducing the disadvantages of these drugs while maintaining their therapeutic effectiveness. Despite this significant amount of work done over several years, safe and effective opioid remedies remain a mystery to the pharmaceutical industry.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.