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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">astmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Астраханский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Astrakhan medical journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1992-6499</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО Астраханский ГМУ Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17021/1992-6499-2025-3-78-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">astmed-614</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биопрофили грамнегативных бактерий при рецидивирующей инфекции нижних мочевых путей у женщин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bioprofiles of gram-negative bacteria with recurrent lower urinary tract infection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-7024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Набока</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naboka</surname><given-names>Ju. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Набока Юлия Лазаревна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии и вирусологии № 1</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia L. Naboka, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0995-7848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудима</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudima</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гудима Ирина Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, доцент, профессор кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии № 1</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Gudima, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nagu22@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-0169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коган</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogan</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коган Михаил Иосифович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой урологии и репродуктивного здоровья человека (курс детской урологии-андрологии), заслуженный деятель науки РФ</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Kogan, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department, Honored Scientist of Russian Federation</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dept_kogan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-8704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джалагония</surname><given-names>К. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jalagoniya</surname><given-names>K. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джалагония Ксения Теймуразовна, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии № 1</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia T. Jalagoniya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">7kseka7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-5240</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черницкая</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernitskaya</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черницкая Марина Леонидовна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии № 1</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina L. Chernitskaya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernitskaia_ml@rostgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-8608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудря</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudrya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудря Елена Васильевна, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии № 1</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kudrya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kudryadom@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-3341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванникова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivannikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванникова Евгения Валерьевна, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии № 1</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenia V. Ivannikova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mitus21@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6217-9953</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоглазова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beloglasova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белоглазова Наталья Николаевна, ассистент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии № 1</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Beloglasova, Assistant of the Department</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belo.nata1980@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Набока Ю.Л., Гудима И.А., Коган М.И., Джалагония К.Т., Черницкая М.Л., Кудря Е.В., Иванникова Е.В., Белоглазова Н.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Набока Ю.Л., Гудима И.А., Коган М.И., Джалагония К.Т., Черницкая М.Л., Кудря Е.В., Иванникова Е.В., Белоглазова Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naboka J.L., Gudima I.A., Kogan M.I., Jalagoniya K.T., Chernitskaya M.L., Kudrya E.V., Ivannikova E.V., Beloglasova N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.astmedj.ru/jour/article/view/614">https://www.astmedj.ru/jour/article/view/614</self-uri><abstract><p>Рецидивирующая неосложненная инфекция нижних мочевых путей является актуальной проблемой не только для урологов, но и для клинических микробиологов. Сегодня отсутствуют количественные показатели диагностически значимого уровня бактериурии, что затрудняет интерпретацию результатов бактериологического исследования. Хронический и рецидивирующий характер заболевания может быть связан не только с количественными, но и с качественными (патогенными, персистентными) характеристиками уропатогенов.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить взаимосвязь гемолитической, антилизоцимной активностей, продукции βлактамаз расширенного спектра с генами вирулентности у грамотрицательных уропатогенов при рецидивирующей неосложненной инфекции нижних мочевых путей   у женщин.  </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы   и методы</title><p>Материалы   и методы. Из   мочи 62 пациенток с рецидивирующей неосложненной инфекцией нижних мочевых путей выделяли общедоказанные патогены – представители грамнегативной микробиоты с доминированием E. coli (74,2 %). У всех выделенных штаммов определяли гены вирулентности: papA, papE/F, papGII, afa, bmaE, fyuA, iutA, feoB, kpsMII, usp, которые ответственны за адгезию, систему всасывания железа, синтез капсулы и уропатогенного специфического белка. Параллельно у выделенных штаммов определяли гемолитическую активность, антилизоцимную активность, а также продукцию β-лактамаз расширенного спектра.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Штаммы грамнегативных бактерий, выделенные из мочи пациенток, в большинстве случаев обладали гемолитической активностью (61,3 %), продукцией β-лактамаз расширенного спектра (56,5 %). Все штаммы обладали антилизоцимной активностью и имели изучаемые гены вирулентности. Наличие гемолитической активности достоверно связано с генами вирулентности feoB, fyuA, usp, papA, kpsMII, антилизоцимная активность – с генами вирулентности papA, afa и fyuA, продукция β-лактамаз расширенного спектра – с генами вирулентности papA и fyuA. Общими генами вирулентности, для которых обнаружена взаимосвязь с наличием гемолитической активности, антилизоцимной активности, продукцией β-лактамаз расширенного спектра, являлись papA и fyuA.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Обнаруженные достоверные корреляционные взаимосвязи между изучаемыми признаками и определенными генами вирулентности с большей долей вероятности могут наблюдаться при хроническом и рецидивирующем течении заболевания.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infection is a pressing problem not only for urologists, but also for clinical microbiologists. Currently, there are no quantitative indicators of diagnostically significant bacteriuria levels, which complicates the interpretation of bacteriological test results. The chronic and recurrent nature of the disease may be associated not only with quantitative, but also with qualitative (pathogenic, persistent) characteristics of uropathogens.</p><p>Objective: to study the relationship between hemolytic, antilysozyme activities, extended-spectrum βlactamase production with virulence genes in gram-negative uropathogens in uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infection in women. Proven pathogens, representatives of gram-negative microbiota with a predominance of E. coli (74.2 %), were isolated from the urine of 62 patients with uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infection. In all strains isolated from urine the virulence genes were determined: papA, papE/F, papGII, afa, bmaE, fyuA, iutA, feoB, kpsMII, usp. These virulence genes were responsible for adhesion, iron absorption system, capsule synthesis and uropathogenic specific protein. In parallel, hemolytic activity, antilysozyme activity, as well as production of extendedspectrum β-lactamases were determined in the isolated strains. The study showed that strains of gram-negative bacteria isolated from the urine of patients in most cases had hemolytic activity (61.3 %), production of extended-spectrum βlactamases (56.5 %). All strains had antilysozyme activity and in all of them the studied virulence genes were presented. The presence of hemolytic activity was reliably associated with such virulence genes as feoB, fyuA, usp, papA, kpsMII; the presence of antilysozyme activity was associated with papA, afa and fyuA; production of extended-spectrum βlactamases – with papA and fyuA. Common virulence genes for which a relationship with the presence of hemolytic activity, antilysozyme activity, production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases were papA and fyuA. The detected reliable correlation relationships between the studied features with certain virulence genes more likely can lead to a chronic and recurrent course of the disease and maintenance of the infectious and inflammatory process in the urinary tract.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неосложненная инфекция нижних мочевых путей</kwd><kwd>персистенция</kwd><kwd>моча</kwd><kwd>гены вирулентности</kwd><kwd>грамотрицательные уропатогены</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infection</kwd><kwd>persistence</kwd><kwd>urine</kwd><kwd>virulence genes</kwd><kwd>gramnegative uropathogens</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Федеральные клинические рекомендации «Антимикробная терапия и профилактика инфекций почек, мочевыводящих путей и мужских половых органов / под ред. Ю. Г. Аляева, О. И. 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